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Economic Planning in India — GK Questions with Answers

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24 questions
  1. The Government of India established NITI Aayog to replace the — (UPSC, 2015)
    1. Human Rights Commission
    2. Finance Commission
    3. Law Commission
    4. Planning Commission
    Show answer

    Answer: (D) Planning Commission

    NITI Aayog took the place of the Planning Commission on 1 January 2015; the Finance Commission is a constitutional body and still functions.

  2. What was the main objective of the Twelfth Five Year Plan — (UPSC, 2014)
    1. Inclusive growth and poverty reduction
    2. Inclusive and sustainable growth
    3. Sustainable and inclusive growth to reduce unemployment
    4. Faster, sustainable and more inclusive growth
    Show answer

    Answer: (D) Faster, sustainable and more inclusive growth

    The very theme of the Approach Paper of the Twelfth Plan was "faster, sustainable and more inclusive growth".

  3. The Rolling Plan concept in national planning was introduced by — (BPSC, 2008)
    1. The Indira Gandhi government
    2. The National government
    3. The Janata Party government
    4. The Rajiv Gandhi government
    Show answer

    Answer: (C) The Janata Party government

    The Rolling Plan was brought in by the Janata Party government under Morarji Desai in 1978; the concept is Gunnar Myrdal's.

  4. Consider these statements — 1. NITI Aayog is structured to promote cooperative federalism. 2. NITI Aayog is meant to centralise the planning process in response to the scarcity of resources.
    1. Only 1
    2. Only 2
    3. Both 1 and 2
    4. Neither 1 nor 2
    Show answer

    Answer: (A) Only 1

    The whole purpose of NITI Aayog is to bring the states along, so the second statement runs exactly against its thinking.

  5. Consider these statements — 1. The First Five Year Plan was based on the Harrod-Domar strategy. 2. The Second Five Year Plan was based on the Nehru-Mahalanobis strategy.
    1. Only 1
    2. Only 2
    3. Both 1 and 2
    4. Neither 1 nor 2
    Show answer

    Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2

    Both statements are correct, and this is the most frequently asked pairing of the chapter.

  6. Match the plan models with those who proposed them — Bombay Plan, Gandhian Plan, People's Plan, Sarvodaya Plan
    1. Birla-Tata group, Shriman Narayan, MN Roy, Jai Prakash Narayan
    2. Jai Prakash Narayan, MN Roy, Shriman Narayan, Birla-Tata group
    3. Shriman Narayan, MN Roy, Birla-Tata group, Jai Prakash Narayan
    4. MN Roy, Birla-Tata group, Jai Prakash Narayan, Shriman Narayan
    Show answer

    Answer: (A) Birla-Tata group, Shriman Narayan, MN Roy, Jai Prakash Narayan

    The Bombay Plan was the industrialists', the Gandhian Plan Shriman Narayan's, the People's Plan MN Roy's and the Sarvodaya Plan Jai Prakash Narayan's.

  7. Who coined the term "Hindu rate of growth"
    1. JN Bhagwati
    2. KN Raj
    3. Raj Krishna
    4. Sukhamoy Chakravarty
    Show answer

    Answer: (C) Raj Krishna

    Professor Raj Krishna gave the term for India's stagnant growth rate up to the 1970s.

  8. Which Five Year Plan shifted the focus of planning from heavy and basic industries to new sunrise industries such as telecommunications, computers and electronics
    1. The Second Plan
    2. The Fourth Plan
    3. The Seventh Plan
    4. The Ninth Plan
    Show answer

    Answer: (C) The Seventh Plan

    This diversification happened in the Seventh Plan, the same period in which India broke the barrier of the Hindu rate of growth.

  9. Who made the first attempt to begin economic planning in India
    1. Jawaharlal Nehru
    2. M Visvesvaraya
    3. MN Roy
    4. JRD Tata
    Show answer

    Answer: (B) M Visvesvaraya

    M Visvesvaraya, the noted engineer and politician, made the attempt in 1934 through his book Planned Economy for India.

  10. Why could the recommendations of the 1938 National Planning Committee not be implemented
    1. Resources were short
    2. The Second World War began and the political situation changed
    3. The Congress withdrew them
    4. The British government banned them
    Show answer

    Answer: (B) The Second World War began and the political situation changed

    The war and the changing political situation together kept the recommendations from being carried out.

  1. On which date was the Planning Commission set up
    1. 15 August 1947
    2. 26 January 1950
    3. 15 March 1950
    4. 1 April 1951
    Show answer

    Answer: (C) 15 March 1950

    It was created by an executive order of the Union Government on 15 March 1950, with Nehru as its chairman.

  2. Which statement about the National Development Council is correct
    1. It is a constitutional body
    2. It is a statutory body
    3. It is neither constitutional nor statutory
    4. It was created by a constitutional amendment
    Show answer

    Answer: (C) It is neither constitutional nor statutory

    The NDC was set up in 1952 by an executive order of the Union Cabinet and in law it is essentially an advisory body.

  3. What share of the total plan outlay did the First Five Year Plan put on agriculture
    1. 21%
    2. 31%
    3. 41%
    4. 51%
    Show answer

    Answer: (B) 31%

    Agriculture took 31%, and after it came transport and communication, then social services, then power and finally industry.

  4. With which country's help was the Bhilai steel plant set up in the Second Plan
    1. The United Kingdom
    2. The Soviet Union
    3. West Germany
    4. The United States
    Show answer

    Answer: (B) The Soviet Union

    Durgapur came up with help from the UK, Bhilai from the Soviet Union and Rourkela from West Germany.

  5. By what other name is the Third Five Year Plan known
    1. Gadgil Yojana
    2. Mahalanobis Plan
    3. Gandhian Plan
    4. Sarvodaya Plan
    Show answer

    Answer: (A) Gadgil Yojana

    The Third Plan is called the Gadgil Yojana, and it failed because of famine and two wars.

  6. Which period is called the "Plan Holiday"
    1. 1962-65
    2. 1966-69
    3. 1978-80
    4. 1990-92
    Show answer

    Answer: (B) 1966-69

    After the failure of the Third Plan and the devaluation of the rupee, three Annual Plans ran from 1966 to 1969.

  7. Which statement about the Fifth Five Year Plan is correct
    1. It was terminated a year before its scheduled period
    2. It was extended by a year
    3. It never began
    4. It was split into two halves
    Show answer

    Answer: (A) It was terminated a year before its scheduled period

    The Fifth Plan was terminated in March 1978, a year before its scheduled end.

  8. In which plan was the Minimum Needs Programme introduced
    1. The Third
    2. The Fifth
    3. The Seventh
    4. The Ninth
    Show answer

    Answer: (B) The Fifth

    The Minimum Needs Programme was introduced in the Fifth Plan along with Garibi Hatao.

  9. Which was India's first indicative plan
    1. The First
    2. The Fifth
    3. The Eighth
    4. The Tenth
    Show answer

    Answer: (C) The Eighth

    After the reforms of 1991 the Eighth Plan became the first indicative plan; it is also called the Rao-Manmohan Singh model.

  10. What was the revised target and the actual achievement of the Ninth Five Year Plan
    1. 7% target, 7% achieved
    2. 6.5% revised target, 5.4% achieved
    3. 8% target, 7.6% achieved
    4. 5% target, 6% achieved
    Show answer

    Answer: (B) 6.5% revised target, 5.4% achieved

    A global slowdown forced the target down from 7% to 6.5%, but the economy grew by only 5.4%.

  1. Which was India's last Five Year Plan
    1. The Tenth (2002-07)
    2. The Eleventh (2007-12)
    3. The Twelfth (2012-17)
    4. The Thirteenth (2017-22)
    Show answer

    Answer: (C) The Twelfth (2012-17)

    The Twelfth Plan, 2012-17, was the last; the vision-document structure came after it.

  2. Who sits in the Governing Council of NITI Aayog
    1. Only Central ministers
    2. The Chief Ministers of all states and the heads of the Union Territories
    3. Only the full-time members
    4. All members of Parliament
    Show answer

    Answer: (B) The Chief Ministers of all states and the heads of the Union Territories

    The Governing Council replaced the old National Development Council and holds all the Chief Ministers and the heads of the Union Territories.

  3. What is the biggest difference between NITI Aayog and the Planning Commission
    1. NITI Aayog is a constitutional body
    2. The Planning Commission could allocate funds and NITI Aayog cannot
    3. The President chairs NITI Aayog
    4. The states had no role in the Planning Commission
    Show answer

    Answer: (B) The Planning Commission could allocate funds and NITI Aayog cannot

    NITI Aayog is an advisory body; the power to allocate funds now rests with the Finance Ministry.

  4. What are the periods of the three documents that followed the Five Year Plans
    1. 10, 5 and 2 years
    2. 15, 7 and 3 years
    3. 20, 10 and 5 years
    4. 12, 6 and 3 years
    Show answer

    Answer: (B) 15, 7 and 3 years

    A 15-year Vision Document, a 7-year National Development Agenda and a 3-year Action Agenda.

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