6 mind maps
Chapter 8 Pass English Medium Indian Polity · System of Government Union Executive President — election, vote values, qualifications, term, immunity, impeachment, succession, executive, legislative, financial, veto, pardon, emergency and discretionary powers; Vice-President; Council of Ministers and Cabinet; Prime Minister; Attorney General and Solicitor General — with current office-holders. Open map Chapter 9 Pass English Medium Indian Polity · System of Government Parliament The Union Parliament under Articles 79–122: the Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha, seats of every state, who can be an MP, anti-defection law and privileges; the Speaker and other presiding officers; sessions, Question Hour, motions and voting; ordinary, money, financial and amendment bills with joint sittings; budget stages, cut motions and the three funds; and parliamentary committees. Open map Chapter 10 Pass English Medium Indian Polity · System of Government The Judiciary The Supreme Court, the 25 High Courts and the subordinate courts — appointment and removal of judges, jurisdiction, independence, judicial review, PIL, landmark cases, Lok Adalats, legal aid and reforms; updated to 2026 (38 judges, CJI Surya Kant). Open map Chapter 11 Pass English Medium Indian Polity · System of Government State Government The Governor — appointment, office, executive, legislative, financial, judicial and discretionary powers, special responsibilities and the Sarkaria view; the Chief Minister, Council of Ministers and Advocate-General; the Legislative Council and Assembly, membership, passing of bills, Speaker and Chairman. Open map Chapter 12 Pass English Medium Indian Polity · System of Government Centre-State Relations Legislative relations — territorial extent, the three lists, Parliament on the State List, repugnancy and Centre’s control; administrative relations — directions, delegation, All India Services, emergencies; financial relations — sharing of taxes, grants, borrowing, GST and the Finance Commission; inter-state water disputes, the Inter-State Council and Zonal Councils; the Rajamannar, Sarkaria and Punchhi reports. Open map Chapter 17 Pass English Medium Indian Polity · System of Government Emergency Provisions Part XVIII of the Constitution: national emergency (Art 352) — grounds, Cabinet advice, approval, the three proclamations; its effects on Centre–state relations and Fundamental Rights (Arts 358–359); the 44th Amendment safeguards; President’s Rule (Arts 355, 356, 365) — duration, effects, Bommai and the Sarkaria, Punchhi and NCRWC advice; financial emergency (Art 360). Open map
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