3 mind maps
Chapter 1 Pass English Medium English Language & Linguistics Notes Varieties of Language English language handwritten notes on varieties of language — the split between varieties by user and by use, idiolect, dialect, accent and sociolect, the standard and the vernacular, register with Halliday’s field, tenor and mode and Joos’s five styles, jargon and slang, pidgin and creole and the native-speaker test, lingua franca and Ferguson’s diglossia, code-switching against code-mixing with situational and metaphorical switching, and Kachru’s three circles with the features of Indian English, with flashcards and practice questions. Open map Chapter 2 Pass English Medium English Language & Linguistics Notes History of English & English in India English language handwritten notes on the history of English — the Indo-European family and Sir William Jones, Old English and its inflections, the Norman Conquest and the Middle English flood of French words, the Great Vowel Shift and Early Modern English, Johnson’s dictionary and the OED, the processes of semantic change and word formation from blending and back-formation to acronyms, morphology with morphemes, allomorphs and the eight inflectional suffixes, and English in India from Macaulay’s Minute and Wood’s Despatch to the Three Language Formula and NEP 2020, with flashcards and practice questions. Open map Chapter 3 Pass English Medium English Language & Linguistics Notes Linguistics — Basic Concepts English language handwritten notes on the basic concepts of linguistics — the branches from phonetics to pragmatics, Saussure on langue and parole, the sign and the arbitrariness of the sign, Chomsky on competence and performance, deep and surface structure, Universal Grammar and the LAD, phrase structure rules and structural ambiguity, the sense relations of synonymy, hyponymy, meronymy, polysemy and homonymy, speech act theory from Austin and Searle, Grice’s maxims and implicature, politeness and face, and Krashen’s five hypotheses with interlanguage and error analysis, with flashcards and practice questions. Open map
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