- Which statements about igneous rocks are correct? 1. Most of the crust's surface is covered by igneous rocks. 2. They form when hot molten magma below the crust cools. 3. They are crystalline.
- 1 only
- 2 only
- 1 and 3
- 2 and 3
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Answer: (D) 2 and 3
About 75% of the surface is covered by sedimentary rocks, so statement 1 is wrong.
- Choose the correct statements about plutonic rocks — 1. They form at great depth. 2. Their crystals are very small. 3. Granite is an example.
- 1 only
- 2 only
- 1 and 3
- 3 only
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Answer: (C) 1 and 3
Slow cooling makes the crystals large.
- Which statement(s) about sea-floor spreading is/are correct? 1. Harry Hess proposed it in 1982. 2. The study of the magnetic properties of rocks confirmed it. 3. Continuous volcanic eruptions at mid-ocean ridges create new crust.
- 1 only
- 2 only
- 2 and 3
- All three
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Answer: (C) 2 and 3
Hess's paper dates from 1962.
- Correct statements about the soil profile — 1. All the vertical layers from the surface to bedrock form the profile. 2. The nature of the layers depends on parent material, time and vegetation.
- 1 only
- 2 only
- 1 and 2
- Neither
Show answer
Answer: (C) 1 and 2
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- Which statement about laterite soil is correct? 1. It forms in temperate regions. 2. It is alkaline. 3. It is very rich in silica.
- 1 only
- 3 only
- 1 and 3
- None of them
Show answer
Answer: (D) None of them
Laterite forms in hot-humid regions, is acidic and loses its silica — all three statements are wrong.
- Correct statements about temperature inside the Earth — 1. Temperature falls 1°C for every 32 m of depth. 2. The rate of increase speeds up with depth. 3. Radioactive matter is concentrated in the deep parts.
- 1 only
- 2 only
- 1 and 3
- None of them
Show answer
Answer: (D) None of them
Temperature rises, the rate slows and radioactive matter is in the upper layers — all three are wrong.
- Correct statements about Suess's scheme — 1. It divides the interior into three layers by chemical composition. 2. It was given by Eduard Suess. 3. Sial is the middle layer.
- 1 only
- 2 only
- 1 and 2
- 3 only
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Answer: (C) 1 and 2
Sial is the top layer; sima is in the middle.
- Correct statements about the crust — 1. Its average thickness is about 30 km. 2. It is thicker under the oceans. 3. Its main mineral is feldspar and main elements are oxygen, silicon, aluminium.
- 1 only
- 2 only
- 1 and 3
- 2 and 3
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Answer: (C) 1 and 3
The crust is thicker under the continents.
- Correct statements about discontinuities — 1. Conrad — between upper and lower crust. 2. Repetti — between upper and lower mantle. 3. Gutenberg — between lower mantle and outer core. 4. Lehmann — between outer and inner core.
- 1 only
- 2 only
- 1, 3 and 4
- All
Show answer
Answer: (D) All
All four statements are correct.
- Which layer of the Earth is liquid?
- Upper mantle
- Lower mantle
- Outer core
- Inner core
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Answer: (C) Outer core
S waves do not pass through the outer core — the proof that it is liquid.
- Which pair (parent rock — metamorphic form) is NOT correct?
- Limestone — marble
- Sandstone — quartzite
- Granite — slate
- Shale — slate
Show answer
Answer: (C) Granite — slate
Granite becomes gneiss; slate comes from shale.
- Where is the Cocos plate?
- Arabian Peninsula
- Between Central America and the Pacific plate
- North-east of Australia
- Between the Philippine and Indian plates
Show answer
Answer: (B) Between Central America and the Pacific plate
The Nazca plate is the one beside South America.
More chapters in this subject
- Continents of the World16 questions
- Human Geography — Origins, Population and Settlements12 questions
- Natural Regions12 questions
- General Geography — Universe and Solar System10 questions