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Organic Chemistry — GK Questions with Answers

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36 questions
  1. Who overturned the vital force theory by making urea?
    1. Berzelius
    2. Wöhler
    3. Kolbe
    4. Kekulé
    Show answer

    Answer: (B) Wöhler

    Wöhler heated ammonium cyanate in 1828 and got urea — NH₄CNO → NH₂CONH₂.

  2. Hybridisation of carbon and bond angle in ethene?
    1. sp³, 109.5°
    2. sp³d, 90°
    3. sp, 180°
    4. sp², 120°
    Show answer

    Answer: (D) sp², 120°

    A carbon with one double bond is sp² — trigonal planar, 120°.

  3. IUPAC name of CH₃COCH₂CH₃?
    1. Butan-2-one
    2. Butanal
    3. Propanone
    4. Butan-2-ol
    Show answer

    Answer: (A) Butan-2-one

    Four carbons (but), ketone at C-2 (−one).

  4. Ethanol and dimethyl ether are which type of isomers?
    1. Chain
    2. Position
    3. Functional group
    4. Geometrical
    Show answer

    Answer: (C) Functional group

    Both are C₂H₆O, but one has −OH and the other −O−.

  5. Which shows geometrical (cis–trans) isomerism?
    1. But-1-ene
    2. Propene
    3. But-2-ene
    4. Ethene
    Show answer

    Answer: (C) But-2-ene

    Both double-bonded carbons of but-2-ene carry different groups (CH₃ and H).

  6. The most stable carbocation among these?
    1. 3°
    2. 1°
    3. 2°
    4. CH₃⁺
    Show answer

    Answer: (A) 3°

    Three alkyl groups spread the positive charge by +I effect and hyperconjugation.

  7. In the Wurtz reaction an alkyl halide reacts with?
    1. Zn-Hg
    2. Soda lime
    3. Anhydrous AlCl₃
    4. Sodium in dry ether
    Show answer

    Answer: (D) Sodium in dry ether

    2CH₃Br + 2Na → C₂H₆ + 2NaBr (dry ether).

  8. Main product of propene with HBr in the presence of peroxide?
    1. 2-Bromopropane
    2. 1-Bromopropane
    3. 1,2-Dibromopropane
    4. Propane
    Show answer

    Answer: (B) 1-Bromopropane

    Kharasch effect — anti-Markovnikov addition, only with HBr.

  9. Which gas forms when water is poured on calcium carbide?
    1. Acetylene
    2. Ethene
    3. Methane
    4. CO
    Show answer

    Answer: (A) Acetylene

    CaC₂ + 2H₂O → C₂H₂ + Ca(OH)₂.

  10. Benzene mainly undergoes which type of reaction?
    1. Addition
    2. Nucleophilic substitution
    3. Electrophilic substitution
    4. Elimination
    Show answer

    Answer: (C) Electrophilic substitution

    To keep its resonance stability, benzene substitutes rather than adds.

  1. The electrophile in nitration is?
    1. NO₂⁻
    2. NO₂⁺
    3. NO₃⁻
    4. HNO₂
    Show answer

    Answer: (B) NO₂⁺

    Concentrated H₂SO₄ makes the nitronium ion NO₂⁺ from HNO₃.

  2. The main reason DDT was banned?
    1. Costly
    2. Flammable
    3. Ineffective
    4. It does not biodegrade and builds up in the food chain
    Show answer

    Answer: (D) It does not biodegrade and builds up in the food chain

    It dissolves in fat and biomagnifies; birds’ eggshells thin.

  3. Why is chloroform kept in dark bottles?
    1. To stop evaporation
    2. To stop freezing
    3. To save its colour
    4. To stop phosgene forming in light
    Show answer

    Answer: (D) To stop phosgene forming in light

    2CHCl₃ + O₂ → 2COCl₂ + 2HCl (in light).

  4. Which gives turbidity at once with the Lucas reagent?
    1. Methanol
    2. 2-Methylpropan-2-ol
    3. Propan-2-ol
    4. Ethanol
    Show answer

    Answer: (B) 2-Methylpropan-2-ol

    A 3° alcohol at once, 2° in five minutes, 1° not at all.

  5. Blindness from spurious liquor is caused by?
    1. Ethanol
    2. Glycerol
    3. Methanol
    4. Acetone
    Show answer

    Answer: (C) Methanol

    Methanol forms formaldehyde and formic acid in the liver.

  6. Test to tell phenol from an alcohol?
    1. Neutral FeCl₃
    2. NaHCO₃
    3. Tollens’
    4. Iodoform
    Show answer

    Answer: (A) Neutral FeCl₃

    Phenol gives a violet colour with FeCl₃.

  7. Which test gives a silver mirror?
    1. Fehling’s
    2. Tollens’
    3. Benedict’s
    4. Lucas
    Show answer

    Answer: (B) Tollens’

    Tollens’ reagent [Ag(NH₃)₂]⁺ is reduced by aldehydes and deposits silver.

  8. Which does not give Fehling’s test?
    1. Ethanal
    2. Glucose
    3. Formaldehyde
    4. Benzaldehyde
    Show answer

    Answer: (D) Benzaldehyde

    Aromatic aldehydes do not give Fehling’s test; they give Tollens’.

  9. Which gives the iodoform test?
    1. Ethanol
    2. Methanol
    3. Propanal
    4. Benzaldehyde
    Show answer

    Answer: (A) Ethanol

    Compounds with CH₃CH(OH)– or CH₃CO– — ethanol gives yellow CHI₃.

  10. Aldehydes with no α-hydrogen undergo which reaction with concentrated NaOH?
    1. Aldol
    2. HVZ
    3. Cannizzaro
    4. Wurtz
    Show answer

    Answer: (C) Cannizzaro

    2HCHO + NaOH → CH₃OH + HCOONa.

  1. Which releases CO₂ with NaHCO₃?
    1. Phenol
    2. Ethanol
    3. Acetic acid
    4. Acetone
    Show answer

    Answer: (C) Acetic acid

    Carboxylic acids are stronger than carbonic acid; phenol is not.

  2. Which acid is in the sting of a red ant?
    1. Formic
    2. Acetic
    3. Lactic
    4. Citric
    Show answer

    Answer: (A) Formic

    Formic (methanoic) acid — Latin formica = ant.

  3. Which gives the carbylamine test?
    1. All amines
    2. Only 2° amines
    3. Only 3° amines
    4. Only 1° amines
    Show answer

    Answer: (D) Only 1° amines

    With CHCl₃ + KOH, 1° amines give a foul-smelling isocyanide.

  4. Product of the Hofmann bromamide reaction on acetamide?
    1. Ethylamine
    2. Methylamine
    3. Acetic acid
    4. Aniline
    Show answer

    Answer: (B) Methylamine

    One carbon fewer: CH₃CONH₂ ⟶ CH₃NH₂.

  5. Why does soap not lather in hard water?
    1. Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ form insoluble scum
    2. The water is acidic
    3. Soap does not dissolve
    4. The water is hot
    Show answer

    Answer: (A) Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ form insoluble scum

    2C₁₇H₃₅COONa + CaCl₂ → (C₁₇H₃₅COO)₂Ca↓ + 2NaCl.

  6. Which is a non-reducing sugar?
    1. Glucose
    2. Maltose
    3. Sucrose
    4. Lactose
    Show answer

    Answer: (C) Sucrose

    In sucrose the reducing ends of glucose and fructose are joined to each other.

  7. Cellulose is a polymer of?
    1. α-Glucose
    2. β-Glucose
    3. Fructose
    4. Amino acids
    Show answer

    Answer: (B) β-Glucose

    β-Glucose — humans have no cellulase, so it is not digested.

  8. Amino acids in proteins are joined by which bond?
    1. Glycosidic
    2. Phosphodiester
    3. Ester
    4. Peptide
    Show answer

    Answer: (D) Peptide

    The peptide bond −CO−NH−.

  9. Which base is absent from DNA?
    1. Adenine
    2. Guanine
    3. Thymine
    4. Uracil
    Show answer

    Answer: (D) Uracil

    Uracil is only in RNA; DNA has thymine in its place.

  10. Which vitamins are fat-soluble?
    1. B and C
    2. A, D, E, K
    3. Only C
    4. B₁ and B₁₂
    Show answer

    Answer: (B) A, D, E, K

    A, D, E, K are stored in the liver and fat.

  1. The alkaloid from sarpagandha is used for?
    1. Malaria
    2. Pain
    3. High blood pressure
    4. Cough
    Show answer

    Answer: (C) High blood pressure

    Reserpine — high blood pressure and as a tranquilliser.

  2. Monomer of Teflon?
    1. Tetrafluoroethene
    2. Vinyl chloride
    3. Ethene
    4. Styrene
    Show answer

    Answer: (A) Tetrafluoroethene

    CF₂=CF₂ — non-stick pans.

  3. Which of these is a thermosetting polymer?
    1. Polythene
    2. Bakelite
    3. PVC
    4. Polystyrene
    Show answer

    Answer: (B) Bakelite

    Bakelite (phenol + HCHO) is cross-linked — it does not melt again.

  4. Rubber is vulcanised by heating with?
    1. Carbon
    2. Chlorine
    3. Phosphorus
    4. Sulphur
    Show answer

    Answer: (D) Sulphur

    Sulphur forms cross-links between the chains (Goodyear, 1839).

  5. The measure of petrol quality?
    1. Octane number
    2. Cetane number
    3. Iodine value
    4. pH
    Show answer

    Answer: (A) Octane number

    Octane number — iso-octane 100, n-heptane 0; cetane is for diesel.

  6. Fuel with the highest calorific value?
    1. LPG
    2. Methane
    3. Hydrogen
    4. Petrol
    Show answer

    Answer: (C) Hydrogen

    Hydrogen ≈ 150 kJ/g; LPG ≈ 55, methane ≈ 50.

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