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Earth Movements — Endogenic and Exogenic Forces - Short Trick

Folds, earthquakes, volcanoes, erosion and landforms — one sentence each

0 trick sentences4 pairs6 parts
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How to read
  • Guru Ram Each coloured word = one name in the list, shown below in the same colour
  • Panda Two colours in one word = two names
  • ➜ Order the numbered order matters · ⇄ Any order no order
1

Endogenic Forces — Folds and Faults

What tension and compression make, and the up and down parts of a fold.

Pairs

Tension and compression

2 sentences

A tent rope tore apart.

Tension=Pull in opposite directions — rocks break and slip: fault → rift valley (graben), block mountain

Comics get folded in the bag.

Compression=Head-on push — layers bend: fold → fold mountain

Graben — the long valley sunk between two normal faults · orogenetic forces are mostly horizontal, epeirogenetic ones vertical.

Pairs

The two parts of a fold

2 sentences

An ant climbs up the wall.

Anticline=The upward arch of a fold

Water in the sink goes down.

Syncline=The downward trough of a fold

Limbs — the slopes on either side of the bend · axis — the imaginary line between the limbs · on coasts, emergence = land rising out of the sea, submergence = land going under.

2

Earthquakes

The epicentre and earthquake lines, the two scales, and earthquake types by depth and by cause.

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3

Volcanoes

Examples of active, dormant and extinct volcanoes, the two kinds of lava and a few special names.

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4

Weathering and Erosion

The five agents of erosion and the three kinds of chemical weathering.

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5

Rivers and Karst

Delta shapes with examples, and the karst hollows from smallest to largest.

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6

Wind, Sea and Glaciers

Desert landforms, local names of playas, how a headland wears away, bars, glacial forms and the height of the snow line.

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Read the full chapter for the complete notes — a trick helps you remember the list; understanding comes from the notes.