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Human Geography — Origin, Population and Settlements - Short Trick

Evolution, fossils, tribes, languages, population and the HDI — one sentence each

1 trick sentences8 pairs4 parts
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How to read
  • Guru Ram Each coloured word = one name in the list, shown below in the same colour
  • Panda Two colours in one word = two names
  • ➜ Order the numbered order matters · ⇄ Any order no order
1

Origin of Humans

The sequence from Australopithecus to Homo sapiens, and where each early human’s fossil was found.

Trick 1

Sequence of human evolution

➜ oldest to modern

Aunty habitually eats sapota.

  1. 1Australopithecus“southern ape” — first fossil in South Africa (Taung, 1924)
  2. 2Homo habilis
  3. 3Homo erectusJava and Peking Man belong here
  4. 4Homo sapiens“wise human” — arose in Africa about 300,000 years ago

The story of evolution begins in the Tertiary · Africa = the cradle of humankind · Neanderthals were not our ancestors but a separate branch.

Pairs

Early humans — where the fossil was found

8 sentences

Pinto loves jalebi.

Pithecanthropus (Java Man)=Java (Indonesia) — now classed as Homo erectus

Simran likes chilli chips.

Sinanthropus (Peking Man)=Near Beijing (China) — also Homo erectus

Heidi sells gems.

Heidelberg Man=Near Heidelberg (Germany) — a lower jaw

Rhoda met Zara.

Rhodesian Man=Rhodesia region — today’s Zambia

Neelam gave gems to a giraffe.

Neanderthal Man=Germany (Neander valley near Düsseldorf) and Gibraltar

Crochet needles make a frock.

Cro-Magnon=France — early Homo sapiens of Europe, cave paintings

Dennis sets an alarm.

Denisovan=Denisova Cave, Altai (Siberia) — 2010, identified from DNA

Ramu drinks shikanji.

Ramapithecus=Siwalik hills (India) — India’s oldest ape fossil (now in the Sivapithecus group)

The Siwalik fossil is Ramapithecus, not Australopithecus · the newest link is Cro-Magnon.

2

Tribes of the World — Where They Live

Three tundra peoples, and where the main tribes of Africa, Asia, Oceania, the Americas and Europe live.

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3

Languages, Population and Megacities

The most spoken languages, the most populous countries and the largest megacities — in order.

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4

Human Development Index

The three dimensions of the HDI and when the related indices began.

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Read the full chapter for the complete notes — a trick helps you remember the list; understanding comes from the notes.