← Polity Short Tricks⚡ SHORT TRICK

Political Parties and Pressure Groups - Short Trick

Party systems, national parties, coalitions and pressure groups — one sentence each

0 trick sentences2 pairs4 parts
0 / 1 learned · 0%
How to read
  • Guru Ram Each coloured word = one name in the list, shown below in the same colour
  • Panda Two colours in one word = two names
  • ➜ Order the numbered order matters · ⇄ Any order no order
1

Party Systems

One-party dominance and partyless democracy.

Pairs

Two ideas to remember

2 sentences

One-party dominance lasted till seventy-seven.

One-party dominant system=Rivals exist and elections are free, yet one party keeps winning — India under the Congress till 1977

Partyless democracy was JP’s idea.

Partyless democracy=Jayaprakash Narayan — elections fought by individuals, not party labels

One-party — China, the former Soviet Union and Yugoslavia · two-party — UK, USA, Australia, New Zealand (no English sentence: UK and USA share their opening letters) · multi-party — India, Japan, France, Germany, Switzerland · unstable multi-party — Italy · left wants radical change, centre the middle road, right the old ways · the whip enforces party discipline.

2

National Parties

The RTI order, the tests for national and state parties, and the founding order of nine parties.

🔒
3

Coalitions at the Centre

Coalition and minority governments from 1977 to 2024 — each year as a number word.

🔒
4

Pressure Groups and Lobbying

The four kinds of pressure group, notable Indian groups and the countries with lobbying laws.

🔒

Read the full chapter for the complete notes — a trick helps you remember the list; understanding comes from the notes.