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Development of Modern Education and Press — GK Questions with Answers

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15 questions
  1. About Macaulay’s Minute (1835): 1. It preferred Western learning to traditional Indian learning. 2. It proposed English as the medium in schools and colleges. 3. It put forward the Downward Filtration Theory. 4. It led to a large number of elementary schools. Which are correct?
    1. 1 and 2
    2. 1, 2 and 3
    3. 2 and 3
    4. All four
    Show answer

    Answer: (B) 1, 2 and 3

    The Minute focused on a small English-educated class; it did not spread elementary schooling — statement 4 is wrong.

  2. About the press in colonial India: 1. Print let nationalists in different regions exchange views. 2. The British were ready to tolerate nationalist criticism. 3. The Vernacular Press Act (1878) sparked nationwide protest. Which are correct? (IAF 2009)
    1. 1 and 3
    2. 2 and 3
    3. 1 and 2
    4. 2 only
    Show answer

    Answer: (A) 1 and 3

    The government repeatedly gagged critical papers — statement 2 is false.

  3. Assertion (A): Lord Ripon repealed the Vernacular Press Act in 1882. Reason (R): The Act did not discriminate between English and vernacular papers.
    1. Both true, R explains A
    2. Both true, R does not explain A
    3. A true, R false
    4. A false, R true
    Show answer

    Answer: (C) A true, R false

    Discrimination against the vernacular press was the Act’s worst feature.

  4. Who founded the Arya Mahila Samaj and made an early effort to educate widows?
    1. Pandita Ramabai
    2. Muthulakshmi Reddy
    3. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
    4. Sarala Devi Chaudhurani
    Show answer

    Answer: (A) Pandita Ramabai

    Founded in 1882 at Poona.

  5. Who set up the Scientific Society? (MPPSC 2009)
    1. Wilton & Co.
    2. Lord Cornwallis
    3. Sir Syed Ahmad Khan
    4. None of these
    Show answer

    Answer: (C) Sir Syed Ahmad Khan

    Set up in 1864 to translate Western works into Urdu.

  6. Who was behind the Academic Association? (WBPSC 2008)
    1. Ram Mohan Roy
    2. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
    3. Henry Vivian Derozio
    4. Ishwar Chandra Gupta
    Show answer

    Answer: (C) Henry Vivian Derozio

    A discussion forum of Derozio’s Young Bengal students.

  7. Who started the Central Hindu School at Banaras?
    1. Annie Besant
    2. Bhikaji Cama
    3. M.G. Ranade
    4. Madan Mohan Malaviya
    Show answer

    Answer: (A) Annie Besant

    Opened in 1898; it later became part of BHU, founded by Malaviya.

  8. Who started the newspaper Som Prakash?
    1. Dayanand Saraswati
    2. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
    3. Ram Mohan Roy
    4. Surendranath Banerjee
    Show answer

    Answer: (B) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar

    A Bengali weekly of 1858.

  9. Which was the first newspaper of India, started in 1780?
    1. The Calcutta Gazette
    2. The Bengal Gazette
    3. The Bengal Journal
    4. The Bombay Herald
    Show answer

    Answer: (B) The Bengal Gazette

    Started by James Augustus Hickey.

  10. Which of these colleges was founded first?
    1. Hindu College, Calcutta
    2. Delhi College
    3. Mayo College
    4. Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College
    Show answer

    Answer: (A) Hindu College, Calcutta

    Hindu College dates from 1817; Mayo and MAO College came in 1875.

  1. Who worked with Ram Mohan Roy on his educational programme?
    1. Dwarkanath Tagore
    2. David Hare
    3. Henry Derozio
    4. William Jones
    Show answer

    Answer: (B) David Hare

    David Hare was the main force behind Hindu College.

  2. Match — A. Sambad Kaumudi B. Indian Mirror C. Amrita Bazar Patrika D. The Hindu with 1. Devendranath Tagore 2. Ram Mohan Roy 3. G.S. Iyer and Veeraraghavachari 4. Sisir Kumar Ghosh
    1. A-1 B-3 C-4 D-2
    2. A-2 B-3 C-4 D-1
    3. A-3 B-2 C-4 D-1
    4. A-2 B-1 C-4 D-3
    Show answer

    Answer: (D) A-2 B-1 C-4 D-3

    Sambad Kaumudi–Roy, Indian Mirror–Tagore, ABP–Ghosh, Hindu–Iyer.

  3. Put in order: 1. Hindu College 2. University of Calcutta 3. Adam’s Report 4. Wood’s Dispatch
    1. 1, 3, 4, 2
    2. 1, 4, 3, 2
    3. 3, 1, 4, 2
    4. 3, 2, 4, 1
    Show answer

    Answer: (A) 1, 3, 4, 2

    1817 → 1835–38 → 1854 → 1857.

  4. Under which press law did a paper whose press was forfeited get 15 days to seek relief from the High Court?
    1. Licensing Regulations, 1823
    2. Vernacular Press Act, 1878
    3. Newspapers (Incitement to Offences) Act, 1908
    4. Indian Press Act, 1910
    Show answer

    Answer: (C) Newspapers (Incitement to Offences) Act, 1908

    The 1878 Act, by contrast, allowed no appeal to a court at all.

  5. The Sargent Plan (1944) proposed free and compulsory education for which age group?
    1. 6–11
    2. 6–14
    3. 11–17
    4. 3–6
    Show answer

    Answer: (B) 6–14

    Junior basic 6–11 plus senior basic 11–14.

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