Cell Biology — GK Questions with Answers

1. Which organism falls outside cell theory?
   1. Bacteria
   2. Viruses
   3. Fungi
   4. Algae
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   Answer: (B) Viruses

   Viruses fall outside cell theory, since they are not built like a true cell.

2. What is the cell wall built from?
   1. Protein
   2. Cellulose
   3. Lipid
   4. DNA
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   Answer: (B) Cellulose

   A plant cell’s cell wall is built from cellulose and gives it mechanical support.

3. What kind of ribosomes does a eukaryotic cell carry?
   1. 70S only
   2. 80S only
   3. Both 70S and 80S
   4. Neither
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   Answer: (C) Both 70S and 80S

   A eukaryotic cell carries 80S ribosomes in its cytoplasm and 70S ribosomes in its mitochondria and chloroplasts.

4. In which stage of the cell cycle does DNA get copied?
   1. G1
   2. S
   3. G2
   4. M
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   Answer: (B) S

   DNA replication happens during the S-stage (synthesis stage).

5. What is the chromosome count like in cells produced by meiosis?
   1. Same as the mother cell
   2. Half (haploid)
   3. Double
   4. Zero
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   Answer: (B) Half (haploid)

   Cells produced by meiosis are haploid (n), while the mother cell was diploid (2n).

6. What is a protein’s monomer?
   1. Monosaccharide
   2. Amino acid
   3. Nucleotide
   4. Fatty acid
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   Answer: (B) Amino acid

   Proteins are polymers built from amino acids.

7. Within what temperature range do enzymes work best?
   1. 0–10°C
   2. 35–40°C
   3. 60–70°C
   4. 90–100°C
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   Answer: (B) 35–40°C

   Most human enzymes have an ideal temperature range of 35–40°C.

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