Structural Organisation of Plants and Animals — GK Questions with Answers

1. What shape has turnip and beetroot taken?
   1. Conical
   2. Napiform
   3. Fusiform
   4. A breathing root
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   Answer: (B) Napiform

   Turnip and beetroot roots take a napiform shape — nearly spherical and swollen.

2. A potato is a modification of which organ?
   1. Root
   2. Stem
   3. Leaf
   4. Flower
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   Answer: (B) Stem

   A potato is an underground stem modification (a stem tuber), not a root — which is why it carries buds.

3. What is xylem’s main job?
   1. Carrying food
   2. Carrying water
   3. Making hormones
   4. Photosynthesis
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   Answer: (B) Carrying water

   Xylem carries water and minerals from the root to the leaves, while also giving mechanical support.

4. Which tissue has the thickest walls and gives the strongest support?
   1. Parenchyma
   2. Collenchyma
   3. Sclerenchyma
   4. Xylem
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   Answer: (C) Sclerenchyma

   Sclerenchyma carries the thickest walls and gives a plant’s organs the strongest mechanical support.

5. Which blood group is considered the universal donor?
   1. A
   2. B
   3. AB
   4. O
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   Answer: (D) O

   Blood group O carries no antigens, so it can be given to a person of any blood group.

6. What kind of body cavity do roundworms (Nematoda) carry?
   1. Acoelomate
   2. Pseudocoelomate
   3. Coelomate
   4. No cavity at all
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   Answer: (B) Pseudocoelomate

   Roundworms carry a false body cavity (pseudocoelom), which is not fully lined by mesoderm.

7. Which germ layer builds the skin and nervous system?
   1. Ectoderm
   2. Mesoderm
   3. Endoderm
   4. None
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   Answer: (A) Ectoderm

   The ectoderm builds both the skin and the nervous system.

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